Tajik

Tajik language

Tajik is regarded by many scholars as a subspecies of Persian, a difference that began to form as early as the 15th century. The difference is noticeable primarily in terms of phonetics. In addition, the introduction of the Cyrillic alphabet further accentuated this gap. If we compare the modern version of Tajik and Persian, it is possible to notice that the first has much better preserved the heritage of the IX-XV centuries, i.e. the classic period. But its vocabulary is much more archaic. As for colloquial speech, it has been influenced by Uzbek and Russian, especially in the last century.

Interesting facts

The name of the language is related to the USSR and appeared in the 1920s. Before that there was no independent concept, i.e. the existence of Persian and its dialects were recognized. However, when Tajikistan became a part of the USSR as a result of the revolutionary movement, a number of figures led by Sadriddin Aini decided to give the language an independent status from Persian. To do so, they translated it first into the Latin script and then into Cyrillic, thus bringing it closer to the Slavs.

Since the 1980s there has been a reverse movement. Some intellectuals are in favor of restoring broken ties to the Persian, returning to the Arab script, or at least close to the script.

The language itself is still actively developing. It is characterized by a large number of different accents (around 50), which can be roughly divided into 4 main groups: northern, southern, south-eastern, and central. However, some of them are rather transitional, so the classification here is rather relative.

Tajik belongs to the analytical variety. It has no inflective forms, which distinguishes it from ancient Persian. Relations between different words are expressed through syntax rather than case. The phonology is almost comparable to that of Uzbek.

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